QR Codes are a convenient way to provide additional information or access online content quickly, without having to type. They can be used in various sectors and have become much more popular in recent years.
However, it is important to remember that QR Codes can pose a security risk if they are created maliciously. So they can be used to distribute malware, phishing, and perform other types of cyberattacks.
That's why it's important for people to be aware of the risks associated with QR Codes and how to adopt appropriate security measures. In this way, the ease they bring becomes much safer.
What are QR Codes?
To begin with, it is important what QR Code means, which is an abbreviation of Quick Response Code, that is, a quick response code. It is a type of two-dimensional barcode that can be read by cameras on mobile devices such as smartphones and tablets.
These codes are often used to provide additional information about products or services, access websites, download apps, provide contact information, and more.
In this way, QR Codes are usually composed of colored pixels arranged in a square pattern. The information is encoded in these modules by means of a specific algorithm, allowing the code to be read by QR Code reading devices.
What are the risks that QR Codes can offer
There are some security risks associated with QR Codes. Therefore, it is very important to know what they are and how we can protect ourselves.
QR Codes can be used to distribute malicious software, such as viruses, that can infect mobile devices and compromise personal and business information. In addition, they can also be used for social engineering scams, which seek to redirect users to fake websites that mimic legitimate websites. Thus, they can induce people to disclose confidential personal or business information.
Another type of risk associated with QR Codes is unauthorized access to corporate information or systems, allowing criminals to exploit security vulnerabilities and access sensitive information.
They can also be used to trick people into making fraudulent payments or bank transfers through financial fraud. In this way, QR Codes can be changed to deceive people by directing financial transactions to other destinations.
How QR Codes Can Be Hacked
While QR codes are a convenient technology, they are not exempt from vulnerabilities that can be exploited by hackers. Below, we cover some ways in which QR codes can be hacked.
Insertion of Malicious Links
Hackers can create QR codes containing malicious links that lead to fake websites designed to steal personal information such as passwords or financial data. These sites can appear authentic, tricking victims into providing sensitive information.
Redirection to Phishing Sites
QR codes can redirect users to phishing sites that pose as legitimate login pages of banks, social networks, or email services. Hackers can thus collect login credentials and compromise victims' accounts.
Malware Distribution
QR codes can be used to distribute malware such as viruses, trojans and spyware. By scanning a code, the user may inadvertently install malicious software on their device, allowing hackers to access and control the device.
Social Engineering Attacks
Hackers can use QR codes in social engineering attacks, manipulating victims to scan seemingly harmless codes that actually perform harmful actions, such as sending text messages or emails to sensitive contacts.
Exploitation of Vulnerabilities in Read Applications
Some QR code-reading apps may have vulnerabilities that hackers can exploit to run malicious code on users' devices. Keeping applications up-to-date is critical to protecting against these types of attacks.
QR Code Forgery
Hackers can spoof QR codes and place them in public places to trick people. Users may think they are scanning legitimate code, but they are actually exposing themselves to risk.
It is important to be aware of these threats and take security measures when interacting with QR codes. Checking the source, avoiding suspicious codes, and keeping your device's software up to date are essential practices to protect yourself against hacker attacks through QR codes.
How to protect yourself from malicious QR Codes
Many cyberattacks against organizations can start by attacking the people who are part of it. Therefore, it is very important to be careful when scanning any type of QR Code.
There are some strategies to recognize secure QR Codes, some of them require a lot of attention before scanning any code and remember to always be alert, scams can be everywhere.
Check the appearance and content
First, check some factors, such as the appearance and font of the code. Authentic QR Codes usually have a clean and crisp appearance. Thus, distorted, faded, or low-quality codes can be faked.
Then check the content and website that that code targets. If the content doesn't align with its purpose, be wary. For example, if the QR Code is for accessing a restaurant's menu, make sure it's linked to the venue's website. If the virtual address seems suspicious or untrustworthy, avoid accessing the site.
Use protection tools and search before scanning
You can also use a mobile security solution to help identify malicious code. Because of this, you might consider using a protection tool on your mobile device to add a layer of protection.
Another way to ensure the security of your device is by searching for the QR Code online before scanning it. That way, you can know if there are any information or reports of fraud associated with it.
Always protect your information
Avoid scanning codes that ask for sensitive personal or business information, such as passwords, credit card numbers, or login information. Authentic QR Codes generally do not require this type of information.
Remember that it's always best to err on the side of caution when dealing with QR Codes and other barcode technologies. If something seems suspicious or unreliable, it's best to avoid it. Don't forget to keep your devices and apps up to date.
Finally, before carrying out financial transactions, check if the data is correct, verifying that the destination is what it really should be.
